A new dihydrochalcone from Humulus scandens / 中国中药杂志

To study the chemical constituents from the stems and leaves of Humulus scandens, this study isolated thirteen compounds by different chromatographic methods including silica gel column, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Based on comprehensive analysis, the chemical structures were elucidated and identified as citrunohin A(1), chrysosplenetin(2), casticin(3), neoechinulin A(4), ethyl 1H-indole-3-carboxylate(5), 3-hydroxyacetyl-indole(6),(1H-indol-3-yl) oxoacetamide(7), inonotusic acid(8), arteannuin B(9), xanthotoxol(10), α-tocopherol quinone(11), eicosanyl-trans-p-coumarate(12), and 9-oxo-(10E,12E)-octadecadienoic acid(13). Among them, compound 1 was a new dihydrochalcone, and the other compounds were obtained from H. scandens for the first time.

Chemical constituents of petroleum ether extract from the stems and leaves of Humulus scandens / 中国药科大学学报

@#To study the chemical constituents of petroleum ether extract from the stems and leaves of Humulus scandens (family of Moraceae), fifteen compounds were isolated from the stems and leaves of H.scandens by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS, and preparative HPLC chromatography.The structures were identified by physicochemical data and spectroscopic method as tectochrysin (1), chrysin (2), 5-hydroxy-3, 4'', 6, 7-tetramethoxyflavone (3), (2S)-5-hydroxy-7, 8-dimethoxyflavanone (4), imperatorin (5), phellopterin (6), ethyl 4-hydroxy-3-(3''-methyl-2''-butenyl)benzoate (7), p-hydroxy-phenylpropionic acid (8), ethyl p-hydroxycinnamate (9), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (10), anofinic acid (11), 5,6-dehydrokavain (12), physcion (13), olean-12-ene-3,?11-dione (14) and ergosta-4, 6, 8 (14), 22-tetraen-3-one (15), respectively.All compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

A new alkaloid from Ervatamia hainanensis / 中国中药杂志

In order to study the alkaloids from branches and leaves of Ervatamia hainanensis, silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and HPLC chromatography were used to obtain six alkaloids from the branches and leaves of E. hainanensis with use of. Based on the physicochemical properties and spectral data, their structures were identified as 10-hydroxydemethylhirsuteine(1), 3R-hydroxycoronaridine(2), 3-(2-oxopropyl)coronaridine(3), pandine(4), 16-epi-vobasine(5), and 16-epi-vobasinic acid(6). Among them, compound 1 was a new monoterpenoid indole alkaloid, and compounds 5 and 6 were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Effect of tranexamic acid combined flexion position of hip and knee on perioperative bleeding following unilateral total knee arthroplasty / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical efficacy and safety of application of tranexamic acid for two times combined with postoperative hip and knee on flexion position for reducing blood loss during total knee arthroplasty.@*METHODS@#From January 2015 to January 2018, 90 patients with knee osteoarthritis underwent unilateral total knee arthroplasty, including 33 males and 57 females, aged from 61 to 85 years old with an average of(72.3±6.9) years old. The patients were randomly divided into three groups according to random number table, 30 patients in each group. In group A, there were 11 males and 9 females, aged from 61 to 84 years old with an average of (71.60±6.04) years old, body mass index was (26.04±1.95) kg/m², hemoglobin was(128.57±5.98) g/L, treated by 7.5 mg/kg tranexamic acid was injected intravenously before upper tourniquet, and 7.5 mg/kg tranexamic acid after closure of incision and before loosening tourniquet, meanwhile combined with flexion position of hip for 30° to 45° and flexion position of knee for 60° for 70°. In group B, there were 10 males and 20 females aged from 61 to 85 years old with an average of (72.04±7.47) years, body mass index was (25.92±1.70) kg/m², hemoglobin was (127.58±4.37) g/L, treated by 15 mg/kg tranexamic acid injected intravenously before loosening tourniquet. In group C, there were 12 males and 18 females aged from 62 to 85 years old with an average of (73.23±7.36) years, body mass index was (26.07±1.49) kg/m², hemoglobin was (128.31±5.61) g/L, treated with the same amount of normal saline before loosening tourniquet. Intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative drainage volume, recessive blood loss, total blood loss volume, blood transfusion cases, activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), prothrombin time(PT), prothrombin international standardized ratio (PT-INR) and indexes of D-dimer(D-D) were compared among three groups, as well as postoperative deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism were observed among three groups.@*RESULTS@#No incision infection occurred in all 90 patients, and all patients were followed up from 4 to 8 months with an average of 6 months without pulmonary embolism occurred. There was no statistical difference in itraoperative bleeding volume among three groups(F=0.299, =0.742), while there were significant differences in postoperative drainage volume, recessive blood loss, and total blood loss among three groups. The number of blood transfusion were as following, 2 cases in group A, 8 cases in group B, and 16 cases in group C, there were statistically significant differences among three groups(χ² =16.01, 0.05), and no difference in occurrence of lower limb vein thrombosis after operation.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The method of using tranexamic acid before upper tourniquet, after closure of incision and before loosening tourniquet-combined with the flexion position of hip and knee could effectively reduce postoperative drainage volume, recessive bleeding, total blood loss and blood transfusion cases after total knee arthroplasty, while it does not increase risk of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

Prevention of bone loss by injection of insulin-like growth factor-1 after sciatic neurectomy in rats / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Injection of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) can prevent bone loss in sciatic nerve transaction rats. We try to investigate the action mechanism of IGF-1 on bone formation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 40 adult male Spragne-Dawley rats were divided into two groups (experimental group and control group) with 20 animals in each. Sciatic neurectomy was performed to model disuse osteoporosis in all rats. IGF-1 was administered in experimental group with the dose of 100 microgramme/kilogram per day for 3 days. Meanwhile, the rats in control group were treated with saline. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry 4 and 6 weeks after neurectomy respectively. Expression of Osterix and Runx2 was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was a significant increase in the bone mineral density of experimental group compared with control group. There was a significant decrease in the level of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB-ligand but an increase in the level of osteoprotegerin 4 and 6 weeks after neurectomy in the experimental group compared with control one. The expression of Osterix and Runx2 was up-regulated in the bone marrow of experimental group compared with control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IGF-1 can increase bone formation by stimulation of osteoblast number and activity, and reduce bone resorption by restriction of differentiation of osteoclast, suggesting that IGF-1 may improve the therapeutic efficacy for disuse osteoporosis.</p>

Substance P stimulates differentiation of mice osteoblast through up-regulating Osterix expression / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the molecular pathway of substance P (SP) to induce osteoblastic differentiation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured. The cultures were divided into four groups with Group A (control group) cultured without any factors, Group B cultured with SP, Group C cultured with SP and SP receptor neurokinin-1 (NK1) antagonist, and Group D cultured with SP NK1 antagonist respectively to induce osteoblastic cells differentiation. Osterix gene expression was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for three times after 1-2 weeks of cultivation and the results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The log phase of bone marrow stromal cells appeared at 4-6 days. ALP staining revealed that the majority of cells, more than 95%, were positive and small blue-purple granules were found in the cytoplasm. And Group B, treated with SP, showed a higher level of ALP activity than the other three groups. Meanwhile, RT-PCR found that Osterix expression in Group B was obviously up-regulated, compared with other groups. But Osterix expression in Group D had no remarkable differences, compared with the controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SP can up-regulate Osterix gene expression to stimulate differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblastic cells at the final stage. The regulatory effect of SP on Osterix expression was dependant on SP NK1 receptors.</p>

Proteomic analysis of myocardial hypertrophy induced by left kidney artery coarctation in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To identify the expression of proteins in cardiomyocytes in rats with left kidney artery coarctation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>16 male SD rats were separated into 2 groups (n=8): 2 kidney 1 Clip group (2K1C) and sham operation group (SO). The postoperational 8th week, after examination by normal doppler and tissue doppler echocardiography, the extracted proteins from cardiomyocytes were isolated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with staining. The gel images were acquired by scanner and 2-DE analysis software. Different spots observed on two 2D gels were selected and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Overall, 21 protein spots showed significant difference, and 14 out of which were identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Kidney artery coactation-induced cardiac hypertrophy displays different expression of proteins in cardiomyocytes.</p>

Utility of pedometer to assess daily physical activity / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: As a convenient and useful physical activity measurement tool,pedometer is widely used in research and intervention about physical activity of population. OBJECTIVE: To assess validity and reliability of the pedometer in measuring daily physical activity. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: The experiment was performed at the Department of Kinesiology,Nanjing Institute of Physical Education and Sports from April to June 2007. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty college students,15 majoring in Kinesiology and 15 majoring in social and physical education,15 females and 15 males,with an average age of (20?1) years,were selected from Nanjing Institute of Physical Education and Sports. METHODS: Participants wore a Digi-Walker200 for one week to record results of pedometer measurement,and filled in Bouchard Physical Activity Diary every day to note activity in 24 hours and calculate energy consumption. All participants completed International Physical Activity Questionnaire including large and moderate intensity activity,walking and sitting in a week. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Daily steps,energy expenditure,sedentary time,waking time,exercise time,and weekly physical activity condition. RESULTS: Step counts were positively correlated with daily energy expenditure,walking time,and exercise time,and negatively related with sedentary time. Step counts of different physical activity levels were significantly different: more step counts could better reflect physical activity levels. Furthermore,exercise or continuous walking (more than 15 minutes) could significantly increase step counts. Daily physical activity including 30-minute moderate intensity activity could achieve or exceed the target steps of 10 000. CONCLUSION: Pedometer provides a useful and objective indicator of daily step counts assessing daily physical activity,but it is difficult to reflect activity intensity and patterns.

Dynamics of Left Ventricular Diastolic Filling during Progressive Exercise / 中国运动医学杂志

This study was to assess diastolic filling dynamics of the left ventricle during progressive upright cycle exercise in young men. The results showed that the diastolic filling period shortened from 0.581?0.14s at rest to 0.129?0.04s at peak exercise; the peak transmitral flow velocities increased from 0.72?0.07m/s at rest to 1.60?0.10m/s at peak exercise and the mean transmitral flow velocities increased from 0.41?0 03m/s at rest to 0.96?0.13m/s at peak exercise; the peak and mean transmitral pressure gradients rose fivefold from rest to peak exercise; the mitral flow volume per beat rose by 38% at 100W workloads and then remained stable. Conclusions Increases in transmitral pressure gradients with exercise may serve principally to augment the velocity of ventricular filling with the progressively shortening diastolic time period.

A study on the genital system injury induced by nickel sulfate in male rats / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the mechanism of the genital system damage by nickel sulfate in male rats in order to provide the laboratory theoretical evidence for the prevention and cure of nickel genital toxicity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three groups of rats were injected intraperitoneally with nickel sulfate at dose of 1.25, 2.50, 5.00 mg/kg respectively for two weeks. The content of testicle nickel and blood serum testosterone (T), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) were assessed with atomic absorption spectrum and radioimmuno-assay, meanwhile the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and the content of nitric oxide (NO) were measured by enzyme method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The contents of testicle nickel [(0.22 +/- 0.03), (0.34 +/- 0.04), (0.41 +/- 0.02) micro g/g respectively] were increased, but the content of T, TSH, LH in blood serum were reduced; the activities of NOS in testicle tissue [(33.65 +/- 2.93), (26.53 +/- 9.52), (10.20 +/- 2.74) U/g respectively] were inhibited by nickel sulfate and the contents of NO [(0.26 +/- 0.03), (0.18 +/- 0.05), (0.15 +/- 0.02) mmol/g respectively] were decreased (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nickel-induced genital system injury of male rats may be related to the decrease in the contents of T, TSH, LH, and the inhibition on NOS, as well as the fall of NO content.</p>